Query Constraints¶
To specify search methods, a series of 5-uples, which we will call “query constraints”, must be specified. The following elements should be indicated for each query constraint:
Attribute - is an attribute of the relation.
Operators - is the group of operators that can be used in the queries to this source and with this search method.
ANY
represents any operator admitted by the data type of the attribute. If the obligatoriness field (explained later) isNOS
, the value is not specified.Obligatoriness - it can have one of these three values:
OBL
(obligatory): indicates that the attribute has to appear in any query on the source.OPT
(optional) indicates that the attribute can appear or not in the query (it is optional).NOS
(no searchable) indicates that the source does not allow querying by this attribute.
Important
When you use
OBL
, indicate a multiplicity of 1 or higher; not 0.When you use NOS, indicate multiplicity 0.
Multiplicity - indicates how many values the source can be queried simultaneously for the attribute and the given operator. The values
ZERO
(which is equivalent to “0”),ONE
(which is equivalent to “1”),ANY
and any integer number can be specified. If it is not possible to make queries for this attribute (valueNOS
in the obligatoriness field), the value is necessarily0
orZERO
.ANY
indicates a number of values greater than0
but without an upper limit.Possible Values - is the list of values with which the attribute can be queried. If it contains the value
ANY
(or it is not specified), this means that it can be queried using any value (within the range associated with the data type of the attribute). If the obligatoriness field is set in the 5-uple to the valueNOS
, then it necessarily takes the value of an empty set.
After specifying the query constraints, the attributes that appear in the output of the queries made through the search method are indicated. The output attributes of a search method are specified by enumerating the attributes and separating them with commas.